پیشوند و پسوند های لاتین و یونانی برای درک واژگان

anni-, annu-, enni- Latin: year, yearly

ante-, anti-, ant- Latin: before, in front of, prior to, forward; used as a prefix

Compare this element with anti-, meaning “against”. Anti-, with the meaning of “before”, is found in very few words, such as: “antipasto” (from Italian). and “anticipate” with its various forms, plus a few scientific terms.

aqua-, aquatic-, aqui-, aqu-, -aquatically, aque-, -aqueous Latin: water
audio-, aud-, audi-, audit- Latin: hearing, listening, perception of sounds

bene-, ben-, beni- Latin: good, well and bon- Latin: good

brevi-, brev- [brie-, bri-] Latin: short
cand-, can-, cend- Latin: glow; white

capit-, capt-, ceps-, chapt-, chef, cip-, -cup- Latin: head, leader, chief, or first

 carno-, carn-, carne-, carni- Latin: flesh, meat

celer- Latin: fast, speed, swift, rapid
centi-, cent- Latin: hundred; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements

anni-, annu-, enni- Latin: year, yearly

ante-, anti-, ant- Latin: before, in front of, prior to, forward; used as a prefix

Compare this element with anti-, meaning “against”. Anti-, with the meaning of “before”, is found in very few words, such as: “antipasto” (from Italian). and “anticipate” with its various forms, plus a few scientific terms.

aqua-, aquatic-, aqui-, aqu-, -aquatically, aque-, -aqueous Latin: water
audio-, aud-, audi-, audit- Latin: hearing, listening, perception of sounds

bene-, ben-, beni- Latin: good, well and bon- Latin: good

brevi-, brev- [brie-, bri-] Latin: short
cand-, can-, cend- Latin: glow; white

capit-, capt-, ceps-, chapt-, chef, cip-, -cup- Latin: head, leader, chief, or first

 carno-, carn-, carne-, carni- Latin: flesh, meat

celer- Latin: fast, speed, swift, rapid
centi-, cent- Latin: hundred; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements

This prefix is used in the metric [decimal] system as, one-hundredth [U.S.] and hundredth [U.K.], and denotes 1/100th of a unit or 10-2 [0.01]. The metric symbol for centi- is c.

-cise, -cis, -cide Latin: a suffix; to cut, cut

-cide, -cides, -cidal Latin: a suffix; kill, killer; murder, to cause death, slayer; cutter; “to cut down”

Don’t confuse this element with the another -cide that means “to cut”; although -cide, “death”, is related to -cise, -cide, “to cut down”.

circum- Latin: around, about, surrounding, on all sides; literally, “in a circle”

com- [co-, cog-, col-, con-, cor-] Latin: together, with; used as a prefix
contra-, contro-, counter, contre- Latin: against, opposed to, opposite, contrary; used as a prefix
cor-, cord-, cour- Latin: heart

corp-, corpor-, corpus- Latin: body
cred-, credit-, creed- Latin: believe, belief, faith, confidence, trust
cura-, cur- Latin: heal, cure [care for, give attention to, to take care of]
cur(r).-, curs-, -course Latin: run, go

dei-, div- Latin: God, god [deity, divine nature]

adieu (French): Goodbye (literally, “I commend you to god.”).

dento-, dent-, denta-, dentino-, denti-, dentin- Latin: tooth, teeth
dic-, dict- Latin: talk, speak, say, tell, declare

digit Latin: finger, toe
dor-, do-, don- Greek > Latin: gift
dorm-, dormi- Latin: sleep, sleeping
duo-, du- Latin: two; a number used as a prefix
duc-, -duce, -duct, -ducent, -ductor, -duction, -ductive, -ducer, -ducement, -ducation Latin: lead, leading, bring, take, draw
equ-, equi- Latin: same, equal, similar, even
ex- (e-, ef-) Latin: [out of, from]; [upward]; [completely, entirely]; [to remove from, deprive of]; [without]; [former]; used as a prefix

extra-, extro- Latin: beyond, outside, on the outside, outward, external; used as a prefix
fac-, fact-, feas-, -feat, -fect, -feit, -facient, -faction, fic-, -fy, facil- Latin: make, do, build, cause, produce; forming, shaping

fid-, fidel- Latin: believe, belief, trust, faith

fin- Latin: end, last, limit, boundary, border

flagr- Latin: fire; burn, blaze
fluct-, flucti-, -flux, flu- Latin: flow, wave
fortu-, fortun- Latin: chance, fate, luck
frag-, frang-, fract-, fring- Latin: break
fug-, -fuge, -fugit Latin: drive away, flee, fly, run away
grad-, -grade, -gred, -gree, -gress Latin: walk, step, take steps, move around; walking or stepping
grav-, griev- Latin: heavy, weighty
habili-, habil- Latin: clothe, clothing; that which may be easily handled, suitable, fit, proper
ign-, igni-, ignis- Latin: fire, burn
inter- Latin: between [also: among, mutually, together]; used as a prefix
intra- Latin: within, inside, on the inside; used as a prefix
jet-, -ject, -jecting, -jected, -jection, -jector, -jectory; jac- Latin: throw, send, fling, hurl, cast; gush; spurt

junct-, jug- Latin: join, unite, yoke

lav-, lava-, lavat- Latin: wash, bathe
linguo-, lingu-, lingua-, -linguist, -linguistic, -linguistical, -linguistically Latin: tongue, language
luco-, luc-, luci-, lux, -lucence, -lucent Latin: light, shine
locu-, loc- Latin: talk, speak, say, word, speech
lumen-, lumin-, lum- Latin: light, shine; source
luna-, luni-, lun-, lunu- Latin: moon, light, shine
magni-, magn- Latin: large, big, great
mal-, male-, mali- Latin: bad, badly, harsh, wrong; ill; evil; abnormal, defective

This combining form has no etymological connection to “male”, meaning “man” or “masculine”; despite what some women may think.

manu-, man-, mani- Latin: hand

medio-, medi- Latin: middle
migr-, migrat- Latin: wander, moving
milli- [MIL i], mille-, mill-, mili- Latin: thousand; a decimal prefix used in the international metric system for measurements

In the metric [decimal] system, milli- denotes 1/1 000 of a unit, thousandth [U.S.] and thousandth part [U.K.]; 10-3 [0.001] The metric symbol for milli- is m.

mini-, minor-, minut-, minu- Latin: small, little

miss-, -miss, -mis-, -mit, -mitt- Latin: send, let go, cause to go; throw, hurl, cast

mort-, mor-, mori- Latin: death, dead
multi-, mult- Latin: many, much; used as a prefix

nom-, nomen-, nomin-, -nomia, -nomic Latin: name

Don’t confuse this element with the Greek nomo- that means “law”.

non- Latin: nothing, not
novo-, nov-, novi- Latin: new, recent; used as a prefix
omni-, omn- Latin: all, every
pac-, peac-, peas- Latin: peace, calm

pari-, par- Greek: same, equal, equality, equal value and peer, pair Latin: same, equal, similar

pass-, pati- Latin: suffering, feeling; enduring
ped-, pedi-, -pedal, -ped, -pede, -pedia Latin: foot
petro-, petr-, petri-, peter- Greek > Latin: stone, rock
port-, portat- Latin: carry, bring, bear
port- Latin: door, gate, entrance, harbor

poten-, pot-, poss-, -potent, -potence, -potency, -potential Latin: power, strength, ability
pre- (prae-) Latin: before [both in time and place]; used as a prefix
pro-, por- Greek > Latin: before; forward; for, in favor of; in front of; in place of, on behalf of; used as a prefix
quir-, quisit-, quis-, que-, quer-, quest-, -quirement, -quirable, -quisition, -quisitive Latin: ask, seek
re-, red- Latin: back, backward, again; used as a prefix

retro-, retr- Latin: back, backward, behind; used as a prefix

rupt-, -rupting, -ruption Latin: break, tear, rend; burst
sana-, sani-, san- Latin: healthy, whole; by extension: cure, heal, take care of

sci-, -science, -sciently, -scientific, -scientifically, -scient, -sciently Latin: know, learn, knowledge

scrib-, script-, -scribe, -scription, -scriptive Latin: write, record
sec-, seg-, -sect, -section, -sectional Latin: to cut
semi- Latin: half, partly, twice; used as a prefix
senso-, sens-, sensi-, sensori-, sent- Latin: feeling, sensation, perception through the senses, be aware, discern by the senses
sed-, sedat-, -sid, -sess (Latin: sit).

sol-, soli-, solo- Latin: sun
soli-, sol- Latin: one, alone, only

solv-, -solu-, solut-, -sol, -soluble, -solubility, -solvent Latin: loosen, dissolve; untie, set free
sono-, son-, sona-, -sonous, -sonic, -sonically Latin: sound
spec-, spic-, spect-, spectat-, spectro- -spectr, -spectful, -spection, -spective Latin: see, sight, look, appear, behold, and examine

spiro-, spir-, spira-, spirat-, -spire, -spiring, -spiration, -spirational Latin: breath of life, breath, breathing, mind, spirit, courage, “soul”

stato-, stat-, sta-, -static, -stasi, staso-, -stasis, -stasia, -stacy, -stitute, -stitution, -sist, -stasic, -stit- Greek: standing, stay, make firm, fixed

stell- (Latin: star).
stru-, struct-, -structure, -struction, -structive Latin: build, construct, place together, arrange

sub- Latin: under, below [suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-]; used as a prefix and subter- Latin: under, beneath, secretly, less than; formed from sub-; used as a prefix

Don’t confuse the sur- in this element with the sur- in super-. Note: sub- regularly means “under”, but it often changes its form as it retains its meaning:

super-, supra-, sur- Latin: above, over, more than; excessive

Sur- is a form of super- formed through the French and shouldn’t be confused with another assimilated sur- form that comes from sub- and means: “under, below, beneath”. In some words, super- is amplified to mean: “on top of; higher in rank or position than; superior to; greater in quality, amount, or degree than others of its kind; to a degree greater than others of its kind; to a degree greater than normal; extra, additional”.

tempo-, tempor- Latin: time, occasion

Don’t confuse this tempo- element with other words that refer to the temples, such as the flattened sides of the forehead or the buildings used for religious worship or services. They simply have no connection.

ten-, tent-, tin-, -tain, -tainment, -tenance, -tinence Latin: hold, grasp, have

trans-, tran-, tra- Latin: across, through, over, beyond, on the far side of; used as a prefix

Don’t confuse the tra- in this element with another tra- in “drag” or “draw”. Trans- becomes tra- before the consonants -d, -j, -l, -m, -n, and -v.

ultra-, ult- Latin: beyond, on the other side; excessive, to an extreme degree

uni-, un- Latin: one, single; a number used as a prefix

vaga-, vag- Latin: wander, move around

veloci-, veloc-, velo- Latin: fast, speed, swift, and rapid

veri-, ver- Latin: true, truth, real, truthfulness

verg-, -vergent, -vergence Latin: bend, curve, turn, tend toward, incline

vers-, vert-, -verse, -version, -version, -versation, -versary, -vert, vort-, vors- Latin: bend, turn

via- [-vey, -voy-] Latin: way, road, path
vid-, video-, vis-, -vision, -visional, -visionally, visuo-, vu- Latin: see, sight, view, look, perceive
vir-, viri-, virtu- Latin: man, manliness; manhood; husband
vita-, vito-, vit- Latin: life, living, pertaining to life, essential to life
voc-, voca-, vocat-, -vocation, -vocative, -vocable, vok-, -voke Latin: call, talk, speak, say, voice, word

volen-, volunt-, voli-, vol- Latin: will, free will, free choice; wish, personal desire

volv-, volu-, -volve, volut-, -volute, -volution Latin: bend, curve, turn, twist, roll
vor-, vora-, -vore, -vorous, -vores, -vora, -vory Latin: eat, consume, devour